Research from Dissertation:
Communication and Understanding Processes
Conversation models make simpler the points of sophisticated communication relationships
Three versions:
Transmission- a linear verified process where a sender sends a message into a receiver
Participants- senders and receivers of messages
Messages- the spoken and nonverbal content becoming shared
Encoding- turning thoughts into conversation
Decoding- turning communication in to thoughts
Channels- sensory paths through which text messages travel
Boundaries / Noise
Environmental noise- physical noise
Semantic noise- noise in encoding procedure
Interaction- members alternate positions as senders and receivers of text messages
Participants- senders and receivers of emails
Messages- the verbal and non-verbal content material being shared
Encoding- turning thoughts in to communication
Decoding- turning communication into thoughts
Channels- physical routes whereby messages travel
Feedback- messages sent in respond to other messages
Physical context- environmental elements
Psychological context- mental and emotional factors
Transaction- a procedure in which communicators generate cultural realities inside social, relational, and cultural contexts.
Communicators
Simultaneous mailing and receiving of messages
Social context – the norms that guidebook communication
Relational context- the private history between communicators
Social context- contest, gender, nationality, ethnicity, intimate orientation, category, ability and also other cultural factors
Summary: Interaction as Tradition
James Carey discusses Ruben Dewey’s work on communication and appears at its complexness
Communication provides two contrasting definitions in Western thought:
Transmission- conversation is a process whereby communications are sent and allocated in space for the control of length and people
Prominent since the 1920s
Ritual- directed not toward the extension of messages in space nevertheless toward the maintenance of culture in time; certainly not the work of imparting information nevertheless the representation of shared beliefs
Transmission varieties of communication may be linked to religious teachings and conversion
Transportation- a form of interaction with religious implications
The ritual view of interaction is dependent upon culture
Not well established in American scholarship
News is a historical reality, rendering it a form of culture
People equally produce their very own reality and live within the reality that they can produce
To examine communication is always to examine using the social procedure wherein significant symbolic forms are created, apprehended, and utilized
Models of connection are both illustrations of and representations pertaining to communication
Recasting the study of communication in terms of a ritual model will allow for a restorative style that can shape the common culture
Summary: Metatheoretical Perspectives
The various assumptions of positivist (objectivist) and interpretivist paradigms are rooted in controversies that go back to for least the start of the 18th century
The scientific outlook underlying the positivist way is a item of the contemporary world perspective
Shift in authority from religion to science
Paradise is no longer humankind ultimate objective
Giambattista Vico. maintained that human nature had not been static and unalterable; completely no main or fact that continued to be the same regardless of the flow of history.; brought up the idea of ethnical relevancy
Romanticism saw the rise of self-expression in communication
Socialists created a critical intellectual lifestyle in opposition to the liberal perspective of positivism and the conventional perspective of interpretivism
Scientific research and technology, alone, wasn’t able to provide the foundation for the achievement of Utopian seeks
By the 60s, positivism got faded in popularity
The postpositivist paradigm is seen as a two essential continuities with positivism: realism and objectivism.
Realists think that a world exists outside the person mind that is certainly independent of perception.
The real world cannot be completely mapped out and fully realized.
As interpersonal constructionists (interpretivists) maintain, there are many ways of perceiving the world and social organizations do will vary ways of creating their worldviews.
Objectivity continues to be an ideal
Sociable psychological theories in communication include: attribution; social view; elboration likelihood; action assembly theory; constructivism; planning theory; uncertainty decrease; accommodation; expectations violation; social penetration; discussion process examination; and press effects
Interpretive theorists perspective reality like a social building; that is, all of us create truth through conversation
Three necessities of crucial social technology:
Understand taken-for granted devices
Uncover oppressive social conditions
Unity of theory and practice
Positivism and postpositivism
There is one truth
Determinism
Objectivity is the goal
Look for universal laws
Quantitative
Intepretivism
Truth is very subjective
Free can
Acknowledge bias and subjectivity
Understand patterns in framework
Qualitative
Essential approach
