The main consumable part of the carrot is new taproot, hence the foremost emphasis of our analysis is to produce healthy and good quality carrot as well as to control the root-knot nematode, M. incognita applying eco-friendly methods. The effects proclaimed that every the analyzed cultivars of carrot socialized differently to nematode infestation i. at the. root-knot index, egg masses/root, eggs/egg mass, nematode human population and reproduction factor. The carrot cultivars are classified on the basis of root-knot index. The results likewise revealed that, non-e of the carrot cultivar was found to be highly resilient or defense against the root-knot nematode, Meters. incognita. Nevertheless , the fomentar Golden Positive was seen with least root-knot index (1. 2) which indicates the resistant response. Maximum root-knot index (5. 0) was written in sostener Kamini indicating the greatest nematode attack was experienced by it. The cultivar Kamboj, Surbhi, Super Reddish and Treasure Red were found relatively susceptible (MS), Rose Reddish colored, Noorie, Lali, Sindhuri, and Selection 85 were found susceptible (S) to root-knot nematode. Two cultivars Reddish King and Desi Reddish colored with root-knot indices (1. 8 and 2 . 0) displayed relatively resistant (MR) reaction against the nematode.
The versions in the severity of gall formation in different cultivars can be due to the volume of nematodes penetrated into the origins and their leveling. It is noticeable from the discovering that the amount of resistance or susceptibility of cultivars to root-knot nematodes denoted by the presence or absence of galls in roots of tomato crops. However , significant differences in the amount of galls signify the levels of susceptibility (Castagnone-Sereno, 2006, Jaiteh et ‘s., 2012). The reduced prices of nematode reproduction, egg masses and therefore, low nematode population densities than those of a prone one exhibited the amount of resistance in web host plants against nematodes (Khan, 1994, Ansari et approach., 2018). Another salient property of capacity root-knot nematode is the influence on galls expansion commonly connected to compatible interactions of nematode-host plants (Garcia et ‘s., 1996). Amount of resistance during testing experiments can only be evaluated by development of galls in most susceptible plants infested with root-knot nematodes (Fassuliotis, 1979). Hirunsalee ainsi que al., (1995) observed that gall creation and nematode multiplication for the roots of plant had been supported by vulnerable and tolerant cultivars while inhibition was observed in immune ones.
In addition to galls, the nematode likewise provoked a substantial increase in the incidence of other unwanted characteristics for the infected pumpkin. The most prominent was abrupt and localized constrictions with twisting and distortion in carrot. The second is the emergence of thumb-like branch of roots or forked roots. The highly susceptible cultivar confirmed maximum forking as it display highest susceptibility to Meters. incognita then susceptible cultivars. Whereas least forking was displayed by the moderately resilient cultivars as they experienced comparatively less nematode attack. However , forking, galling, twisting and cracking type symptoms were completely undetectable in the tolerant cultivar. The forking, twisting and cracking completely harm and unbalanced the root base in terms of all their shape, span, weight and look. Besides the previously mentioned symptoms, the formation of root hairs as well affects the fundamental length of cultivars. Comparatively bigger number of egg masses was obtained from the carrot cultivars, Noorie, Lali, Sindhuri, and Selection 80. From the roots of highly susceptible instruirse Kamini highest number of egg masses was recorded which says maximum number of juveniles penetrated the roots and completed their your life cycles within a successful manner.
Alternatively, cultivar Fantastic Rosy allowed only a limited number of juveniles of M. incognita to penetrate the roots, ultimately causing maturity since it is confirmed simply by number of egg masses and reproduction component. Similarly the utmost eggs were recorded on highly susceptible sostener roots in contrast to the prone, moderately susceptible, moderately resilient and/or resilient cultivars. Creation of galls over the origins of prone cultivar is definitely the primary symptom of root-knot nematode infection. Relating to Friends and Walker (1998) root-knot nematode ova developed poorly on resistant cultivars compared to susceptible kinds. Also, the authors reported that amount of eggs represents the population of nematodes that reached reproductive maturity, and therefore give one measure of resistance. Testing of specific seedlings to get nematode resistance helps in eradication of vulnerable plants ahead of field plantation which results in the conservation of breeders’ gardening shop stocks.
It was investigated from this research that, the highly prone cultivar (Kamini) recorded together with the highest nematode population/250 g soil which was significantly different from all the cultivars studied in the pots and uninoculated control. Nematode populace density may be ascribed towards the disease severity and scale the root-knot galls which will varies among the different tested cultivars. The increased population density and size of the basis galls might be due to penetration of large quantity of nematodes favored by the very susceptible cultivar and finally stabilized them to make up the giant cells. Similarly, Huang (1986) reported that level of resistance is associated to reduced rate of nematode transmission, development, egg formation and enhanced plant growth which will ultimately ends in a low nematode population thickness with the fact that a few nematodes could finished their your life cycle. Relating to El-Sherif et ing., 2007, beginnings of predisposed cultivars are simply to be even more prone to root-knot nematode activities and inspire reproduction and survival of juveniles. Consequently , more juveniles were noticed on prone cultivars in comparison to the resistant types. The web host type is additionally a key aspect in the development of J2s (Davide, 1980). The potential development of juveniles was observed upon susceptible number whereas in resistant hosts the development could be inhibited (Nelson et ing., 1990).
Resistance and susceptibility of hosts to phytopathogenic nematodes affects the reproductive capability of nematodes (Trudgill, 1991). The present studies showed significant differences in reproduction factors of M. incognita on all the carrot cultivars.
