Brittney Henley Pd. 2A Chapter doze: Age of Faith based Wars Crucial Topics, -War between Calvinists and Catholics in Portugal. -The The spanish language occupation of the Netherlands.
-Struggle for supremacy between Britain and Italy. -The damage of Central Europe throughout the Thirty Years’ War. Terminology |Notes | | | | |Counter Reformation- A movement within the Rome |Renewed Religious Have difficulty | |Catholic Church that sought to revitalize the |Peace of Augsburg (1555)- A areas rule would determine their religion, However it | |church and go against sb/sth ? disobey Protestantism. did not recognize Non Lutheran Protestants | | |Geneva started to be a haven for persecuted protestants and an international school for | |Baroque Art- 3 dimensional display of life and |protestant leaders | |energy. | | | | |Politiques- Ruler who urged tolerance and |French Battles of Religion | |moderation and compromise about religious concerns |Anti-Protestant Actions and the have difficulties for political power | | |French Protestants are known as Huguenots. | |They were persecuted by the The french language, when Full Charles of Germany / Spain captured | |Huguenots- French Protestants. |Frances King’. To calm King Charles, France persecutes the Huguenots in the | | |hopes of gaining the freedom in the King of France. | | | | |Edict of Fontainebleau”Subjected French Protestants to the questions | | |France remain hostile for the protestants right up until King Henry of Navarre gains the | | |throne | | | | | |3 rivalling fraction pertaining to the Kings (Francis II) ear in France | | |Bourbons- power in the south and west | | |Montmorency-Chatillons- controlled the middle of England | | |Guises- dominate in eastern France / Strongest electric power and had more influence over | | |the california king due to relatives connection | | |Bourbons and Montmorency-Chatillons developed strong Huguenot sympathies | | | | | |Conspiracy of Amboise (1560) , Bourbons and Montmorency-Chatillons drawn to | | |kidnap the california king of Portugal (Frances II) | | | | | |Appeal of Calvinism | | |Huguenots were in significant geographic areas and had been heavily represented among | | |the more powerful portions of The french language society. They will wanted to set up sovereignty| | |with in France. | | | | | |Catherine De Medici and the Guises | | |Catherine mother to fifteen year old Frances II becomes the regent of Portugal upon the | | |death of her hubby Henry 2. | |On the death of Frances II her younger child Charles IX becomes king where she | | |resides while regent. Catherine fears the strength of the Guiles family and searched for | | |alliances with the Protestants. | | |She issues the January Edict which allows protestants freedom to worship publicly | | |outside of towns. | | |Duke of Fabrication surprised a protestant members at Vassy, Champagne and | | |massacred the worshipers.
This is the beginning of the France wars of faith | | |March 1562 | | | | | | | | |Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1570) | | |Ended the thirty season war, the crown recognizing the power of the Protestant | | |nobility, granted Huguenots religious freedoms within their territory. | | |Catherine worrying the mounting power of the other two families and Protestants she| |Coligny: leader of the Huguenots, Charles IX most|cultivates the support from the Guise. | |trusted advisor. | | | |The Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre | | |Catherine attempted to have Coligny assassinated with a bullet.
Worrying the fallout from| | |the look at, she talks King Charles that the Huguenots were looking to | | |attack Paris | | |On St Bartholomew’s Time August twenty four, 1572, Coligny and 3 thousands Huguenots had been | | |massacred in Paris. Within just 3days an additional 20, 000 were accomplished | | | | | |The Rise to Power of Holly Navarre | | |Henry III sought the middle floor and gained support from a growing human body of | |Protestant Resistance Theory: |neutral Catholics and Huguenots. | | | |John Knox- wrote First Blast of the Trumpet |Peace of Beaulieu (May 1576)- granted the Huguenots nearly complete religious and | |against the Terrible Routine of Women |civil freedom. It absolutely was later recanted because of personal pressure of the Catholic| |-He declared associated with a heathen tyrant was |League. The two religious instructions pick up forearms. | |permissible | | | |Henry Navarre led the Simple army. Holly III brother-in-law) | |Francois Hotman- published Franco-Gallia | | |-Humanist argument that representative House |Day from the Barricades “Henry III shock attack for the Catholic Group (Spain | |General organised more power then the France king |Supported) and failed. Henry in that case assassinated the Duke and Cardinal of Guise. | | |Reprisal from the Group was intense causing Henry III to participate in forces with Henry | |Theodore Beza- wrote For the Right of Magistrates |Navarre. Henry III was killed, Henry 4 (Navarre) is definitely the next successor to the | |Over their very own Subjects |throne. |-Permissible to get lower government bodies to overthrow | | |tyrannical rulers |Protestant while king, the League wants France to be Catholic nevertheless politically fragile so| | |Spain delivers in troops to help achieve this goal in hopes of adding his child | |Philippe du Plessis Mornay- Protection of Freedom |on the throne. | |Against Tyrants |The French rallied at the rear of their king disbanding the League and outing the Spanish. | |-Princes, Hobereau and magistrates are guardians |Henry IV turns Catholic.
Ending the war of religion in Portugal | |and to take up forearms against cruelty in other land| | | | | | | | | |Edict of Nantes | | |Proclaimed a formal spiritual settlement this recognized minimal religions in an | | |official Catholic country | | | | | |Treaty of Vervins -ended hostility among France and Spain | | | | | |Imperial The country of spain and the Rule of Philip II | | |Gold Silver and bullion ended uphad been imported from Spain’s colonies in the New | | |World. | | |The increased riches and populace in significant cities in Europe triggered inflation. | | | | | |Fewer jobs, less foodstuff, wages stagnated and higher coinage in circulation while | | |prices increased. | | | | |The Rise ? mutiny in the Netherlands- | | |Antoine Perrenot- Cardinal Granvelle. | | |Perrenot hoped to break the neighborhood autonomy with the Netherlands subside and | | |establish a central royal authorities directed by Madrid, and religious | | |conformity to Catholic. | | |Granvelle proceeded to reorganize the Netherlands. | |William of Nassau (Prince of Orange) , Rely of Egmont organized the Dutch | | |nobility in competitors, which had Granvelle taken from office | | | | | |The Compromise- | | |Margaret (Regent of Spain) spurned the protesters. Leads them to require aid and | | |rebel against Spain, even so the nobility will not support the rebellion. | | |Duke of Alba-sent to the Netherlands to gain control back. | | |He had thousands of suspected heretics publicly accomplished. | | |He after that taxed the individuals of Holland to pay for the suppressing in the revolt. | | | | |Pacification of Ghent- | | |November four 1576: Spanish mercenaries went amok in Antwerp eliminating 7000 people in | | |the streets known as the Spanish rage. | | | | | |Pacification of Ghent (November 8, 1575)- Catholic regions and Protestant locations | | |in the Netherlands unified to oppose Spain. | | | | | |Perpetual Edict- provided for removal of all Spanish soldiers from the Holland | | |within twenty days. | | | | | | | |Netherlands Independence- | | |King of Spain Phillip II declared William of Orange a great outlaw. | | |December 1580 William of Fruit publicly denounced Phillip as being a Heathen and tyrant| | |and should not be obeyed. | | |Known as The Apology. | | |Peace of Westphalia in 1648 ” Holland is fully recognized | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |England and Spain 1553-1603 | | |[pic] | | | | | |Jane Grey (granddaughter to Henry), 3 rd Queen | | | | | | | | | | | |Mary My spouse and i ” reign lasted a few years | | |Edward VI perished. | | |Lady Anne Grey tried to ascend to throne. | | |Mary Tudor was the rightful inheritor. Grey-9 times Queen then beheaded. | | |Mary marries Prince Philip II of Spain. Mary | | |Had Parliament repeal the Simple laws.
Jane | | |Decreed every one of England Catholic, burned Simple leaders in the stake. | | |Dies 1558 | | | | |The Compromise: A solemn promise to resist the |Elizabeth I ” takes tub 1558 | |decrees of Trent plus the Inquisition. |Daughter of Henry and half sister to Mary. | | |Advisor William Cecil. | |Passed laws intended for religious toleration | | | | | |Act of Superiority 1559- Repealing all anti-Protestant legislation of Mary Tudor. | | | | | |Phillip II tries marriage with Elizabeth. | | |Mary Stuart, California king of Scots seeks England throne. | | |Supporters claim Elizabeth is illegitimate. | | |Queen of Scots is a granddaughter to Henry the VIII’s sibling Margaret. | |Raised France and Catholic. | | | | | |Deterioration of Connection with The country | | |Spanish Duke of Samarie (1547)- marched troops into the Netherlands, England sees | | |this as a risk due its close closeness to England. | | |Elizabeth allows pirating of Spanish vessels. | | | | |Mary Queen of Scots | | |Elizabeth completes Mary California king of Scotts (second cousin) for conspiring against the | | |crown. | | |Mary’s spouse is murdered by her lover, who will be acquitted, and then marries Mary. | | |This causes outrage by her persons. | | |Mary surrenders her throne to her twelve months old kid James NI, who later becomes | | |Elizabeth’s heir to throne. | |The père authorize The country to seep into England pertaining to the eradicating of Martha who was all their | | |hope to choose England Catholic | | | | | |The Armanda | | |May 30 1587 -130 ships with 25, 000 sailors sent to invade England. | | |Spain wanted the ships to dock in France prior to continuing the invasion. | | |France prohibits the ships from leaving and a haze roles in around the route. | | |England provides advantage and wins. | | | | |Thirty Year Battle | | |Preconditions to get War | | |Germany = Holly Rome | | |Germany consists of fish hunter 360 autonomous entities. | | |Each acquired its own tolls, taxes, cash and religious beliefs, making it challenging to travel | | |and do business | | | | |Four Periods of War- | | |Bohemian (1618-1625) Swedish (1630-1635) | | |Danish (1625-1629) Swedish-French (1635-1648) | | | | | |Bohemian Period- | | |Ferdinand ascends to the tub and really wants to return the region to Catholicism. | | |He revokes the spiritual freedoms in the Bohemian Protestants. | | | | | |Defenestration of Prague- Protestant nobility in Prague throw Ferdinand III’s | | |regents out of window in reaction to the revoke of spiritual freedoms. They were doing | | |not die, landed on manure which usually cushioned all their fall. | | | | |Ferdinand was managed to subdue the Protestants and re-Catholicize Bohemian | | | | | |Danish Period- (1625-1629) | | |Lutheran California king Christian IV of Demark picks up Protestant banner-invades Indonesia | | |and manages to lose. | | |Ferdinand attacks Demark and breaks Simple resistance. | | |Causes fear among all Protestants. | | | | | |Edict of Restitution in 1629- Calvinism is illegitimate and requests the come back of all | | |church lands acquired by the Lutherans. | | | | | | | |The Swedish Intervals (1630-1635) | | |Gustavus Adolphus ruler of Sweden | | |Was a unified Lutheran nation, bankrolled by England, an wished to keep the | | |Habsburg armies tied up in Australia. | | |Adolphus gained several battles due to a lighter military services and better weapons. | | |Adolphus is wiped out on the battlefield. | | | | |Peace of Prague in 1635- many the Protestants states come to a give up | | |with Ferdinand, barring the Swedes | | | | | |Peace of Prague plunged them in the fourth conflict. | | | | | |The Swedish-French Period (1635-1648) | | |The French sign up for the conflict in 1635. | | |Dragged in for 13 years with Spanish, France and Swedish soldiers looting Germany. | | | | |About 1/3 with the German human population died as a direct result of the battle. | | | | | |Treaty of Westphalia- | | | | | |The Treaty of Westphalia 1648 -brought every hostilities inside the Holy Roman | | |Empire to an end.
Finished Edict of Restitution and reasserted the Peace of Augsburg, | | |which allows every ruler to determine its religion. | | | | | |German princes turn into supreme more than their principalities. | Brief summary: From Martin Luther’s fatality in 1546 until the middle of the seventeenth 100 years, European your life was completely outclassed by religiously and politically inspired violence. France descended into practically 50 years of civil warfare before rising with a united monarchy underneath the terms of the Edict of Nantes in 1598. Spain steered clear of civil turmoil and remained firmly Catholic.
Spain’s American empire provided immense prosperity, but Spain failed to subdue Protestant nationalism in the Netherlands and endured defeat of its Armada naval fleet at the hands of the English. Consequently, Spain’s location in worldwide affairs dropped. Unlike the French, the British managed to steer clear of civil warfare under the motivated leadership of Queen Elizabeth I. In Germany, the original center with the Reformation, Lutherans and Catholics had come to endure each other. In the early seventeenth century the temporary short-cuts collapsed. The resulting free-for-all, known as the 25 Years’ Warfare (1618″1648), consumed much of Europe’s energies until it was resolved in the Peacefulness of Westphalia. , , , , , , , , Elizabeth I 4th, Queen Mary I actually 2nd, California king Edward VI 1st, California king Henry VIII King
