I actually. Introduction:
Whenever you walk at the campus in the American University of Sharjah, you will definitely discover the fresh Arab women wear trendy Western dresses as well as the Arab boys wear stylish Western clothes. As well as students with more conservative dresses seem even more Western than Eastern. Regardless of young Arabic people use or appear like nowadays, they even tend to be different inside the language each uses in inputting and communicating. There is a widespread linguistic sensation that enormously encroaches their particular lives and ultimately qualified prospects them to create in an unconventional language.
This language can be well-known today among Middle easterns especially the youth as “Arabizi. Arabizi, a slang term derived from the text arabi or Arabic and englizi or perhaps English, is employed to describe the melding between Arabic and English (Yaghan, 2008). It is just a common modern trend pertaining to typing that has largely spread among youthful Arabs whom use Arabic numerals and Latin heroes to talk, i. e. “5alas. Offered the linguistic, cultural and social value that Arabizi has in contemporary culture, indeed it is rather interesting and in addition important to deeply investigate this kind of phenomenon to be able to determineits dimensions, causes and possible implications.
Questions, controversies and issues have been greatly raised more than this issue. Inquiries like “Why do teenagers use Arabizi? , “To what magnitude will it have an effect on our dialect which is a essential component of our Arabic identity? and so forth have been asked by many specialists and scholars and ordinary people. A few users may think it is helpful and easy to communicate, but also others are concerned about just how Arabizi may dramatically have an effect on our Persia language. Linguistic scholars specifically are concerned about the severe benefits of the constant use of Arabizi in our daily activities that may lead at the end to the extinction of our language. Therefore , this paper will investigate the effects of Arabizi on the Arabic language as being a major component of identity centering on students from your American University of Sharjah.
II. Materials Review:
Technology and Vocabulary
Arabizi could possibly be considered as a new phenomenon in contemporary contemporary society; however , the origin extends back to the mid-1990s with the introduction of technology (Warschauer, 2002). Technology that was designed to convert the earth into a global village taking away all edges among people, actually worked reversely in categorizing people along with countries into haves and still have nots (Warschauer, 2002). That is certainly if a system is made in the United Kingdom or the United States, it is up to the consumer if to adjust to English or perhaps decide never to use the item at all. Doctor David Wilmsen, a mentor of Persia at the American University of Beirut which includes written comprehensively on linguistics, considers cellular phone as the critical Western product that created Arabizi in the Arabic world (Salhani, 2013). In respect to Doctor Wilmsen, once mobile phones were firstly introduced to the Arab world, they were very expensive and keyboards came with Latin heroes. Elites who have could find the money for it, disseminated through messages easily in English.
Nevertheless due to the elevating demand, mobiles became inexpensive and owned or operated by most people. Those people may well not know English but they wanted to use the ease of the British keyboard on their mobile phones and the result was Arabizi (Salhani, 2013). Though cell phones and also other technological means are provided today with Arabic keyboards, Arabs stilldo certainly not use it and prefer to write in Latin personas. Bruna Kesserwani, the Middle East Regional Overseer of the World Youngsters Alliance, over a personal side finds it better to write in Arabizi in spite of using equally Arabic and English in workplace and daily life. Yet , Kesserwani strongly believes that Arabizi may have severe ethnical and linguistic consequences (Salhani, 2013). Education System and Language The effect of Arab’s over-reliance upon English-based technology has influenced many other essential aspects of Arab society. As Warschauer explained throughout his book, university-level courses that are taught in English will be expanding nowadays to further incorporate other linguistic courses such as Arabic.
Consequently, parents are required to register youngsters in English-based schools to allow them to afford a good job in the foreseeable future and maintain a higher status in society (2002). However , this kind of desire for upward social freedom has led to “cultural-linguistic dualism (Findlow, 2006). Therefore , Arab youngsters can speak, interact and even live with a linguistic mixture of Arabic and English. Nevertheless , this trend can lead all of us to recognize these kinds of dramatic concepts “language death, “language loss, “language decay and even “linguistic genocide, which convey the increasing problems about the continuing future of the Arabic language (Findlow, 2006). Education has a essential role to play in the talk of how the Arabic dialect is swiftly disappearing by new generations’ lives and heavily displaced by British.
Schools currently in the Middle East adopt British as the major language training and as a consequence they are teaching Arabic to Arab learners as a foreign language: usually one hour a day (Dhabi, 2004). According to Dr . Saiyad Ahmad, assistant professor of East Studies in the American University or college of Sharjah, “most Arabic youth how to start their language. He featured the critical responsibility in the education program in maintaining the Arabic tradition and heritage. According to him, “nowadays, if an individual doesn’t know English, they’re seen as uneducated ¦ individuals have forgotten other ways and method of thinking. “We have efficiently lost our authenticity ¦ our ideas are not our own, but are imported like various other products, he added (El Darawy, 2005).
Personal Justifications pertaining to Using Arabizi
To assess the role of Arabizi in contemporary world, there is an inherent need to deeply answer problem “why teenagers nowadays work with Arabizi? In a research conducted by simply Dr . Mohammad Yaghan, a group of high school students had been asked about their reasons and justifications to get using Arabizi in their daily lives. A primary reason was that young adults nowadays get Arabizi a trend in which they would like to belong to and by like that they will blend easily with similar group members. Other students thought that classical Arabic letters should be used for educational reasons but not for slang. Likewise, students discussed how Arabizi is useful in expressing issues that cannot be indicated otherwise in classical Persia letters. Economics is another major reason of using Arabizi, since the range of characters allowed in a meaning written in English is significantly larger than that in Arabic. Last but not least, members expressed all their preference of Arabizi more than pure Persia or British as it is a versatile system, not taught and free of errors (Yaghan, 2008).
In addition , a large number of Arabs believe that Arabic is incredibly complicated and so they desired to combine all their mother tongue with English to develop Arabizi which can be somehow simpler in communication (Salhani, 2013). In an interview conducted with college students with the American School in Cairo asking of their logic intended for using Arabizi as a means of communication with their friends, college students emphasized two main points. Firstly, they explained how Arabic restricts these people from talking about everyday topics and on the other hand how melding Arabic and English language allow them to talk freely of their daily problems. Secondly, they illustrated just how comfortable they will feel after they use Arabizi to talk about taboos and other problems that cannot be indicated in Persia such as sexual (Yaghan, 2008).
Not only youthful Arab people have justifications and causes for using Arabizi, nevertheless also parent people do have their very own defense pertaining to using it. Individuals young people whom use Arabizi will soon graduate student and get jobs, nonetheless they will also transfer with them their own technique of typing and communicating. Ali Nasser, a 24 yr old employee, views no problems in using Arabizi. He considers Arabizi as a valid means of conversation in mailing other co-office workers and connecting inside the organization. Furthermore, he believes that Arabicis hard for inputting and expressing the do it yourself and other day-to-day topics. Individually, he would not see any kind of indication that Arabizi weakens his Arabic, but rather folks are over romanticized about this matter (Ghanem, 2011).
The Internet and Arabizi
The world wide web and on the net usage of terminology reveal how complicated the issue is. A study in young internet users in Egypt was made by Mark Warschauer, a professor at the University or college of Cal, Ph. D. in Education program and founding overseer of UCI’s Digital Learning Lab, to determine which language they use within the internet. The research found that Arabic was rarely used on the internet, but rather a mixture of Persia and British was commonly used by the members. This “Romanized Arabic while Warschauer referred to as it, was heavily used in informal emails and online chatting. According to Warschauer, this happening gave its users a new world in which they can freely go over different faith based and political topics, as a result of absence of an explicit authoritarian censorship in a context exactly where informality was your basis (Attwa, 2012).
Within study done in Egypt, Singapore and Hawai’i, online language make use of was reviewed to examine chain of interrelationships. The study concluded that in a world where The english language is the dominant language, we have a major contradiction between global networks and native identities (Warschauer, 2002). This major on-line presence in young Arab people’s lives can include major consequences on their belief system and language the critical component of their identification. A study in technology and youth at the University of Melbourne demonstrated that connection technologies strongly empower young people to create as well as a sense of personality, power and unity (Carroll, Howard, Vetere, Peck & Murphy, 2001). Since this developed identity is the outcome of complex electronic digital interactions, then this required vocabulary for interaction is what forms the customer’s identity (Markham, 2008). Consequently , when Arabic youth tend to construct their particular Arabic vocabulary with Latin letters, they will create their own linguistic identification in the way they want to represent themselves to the planet (Markham, 2008).
In a study intended to check out the impact of the internet inside the Arab community, Arabs’ awareness and views about the influence from the interneton their belief program, language and identity had been deeply looked at. It demonstrated that the majority of well-educated Arabs are involved that their very own inherited sociable norms happen to be harmed by the internet and other new solutions. They also mentioned their irritation about Arabizi as a menace to their language as well as all their identity (Loch, Straub, & Kamel, 2003). However , almost all individuals as well as countries kowtow to modern tools in all its varieties which forms their beliefs, behaviors and actions (Brette, 2003).
Not only technology users have thoughts and thoughts about this subject, but as well people who are in position to have an effect on how the Arabic language can be utilised on the net have their personal points of perspective. According to Fayeq Oweis, manager with the Arabic localisation team in Google, “Arabic is a booming language and can be adapted to modern technology (Al Tamimi, 2012, afin de. 1). Oweis believes that there are basically three dangers that threaten the Arabic vocabulary in the Arabic world. The very first is using foreign terminologies inspite of the existence of Persia synonyms. The second is writing Arabic but using foreign character types, which is heavily and frequently used on the net. The third can be including several dialects inside the sentence.
In Oweis’s judgment, the best way to prevent these three threats is to use correct and proper Persia not only in each day use or perhaps formal connection, but as well in the technology field (Al Tamimi, 2012). In order to place this solution into practice, Google features “Google Ta3reeb in 2009 (Al Tamimi, 2012). This program arrived due to the raising use of Arabizi on the internet, so it immediately translates Arabizi into time-honored Arabic. Therefore , Google can be seriously contributing to the your survival of the Arabic language by simply preserving it is existence on the internet.
Arabizi and Personality
An extremely significant question imposes itself on the scene, if Arabizi negatively affects the language and identity or it simply discovers a common surface to combine Arabs just about everywhere. According into a study conducted in order to investigate what Middle easterns think about the a result of Arabizi prove Arab identification, users established that Arabizi does not adversely affect their particular identity because Arabs, but rather it helps all of them finding a common ground in whichthey can certainly belong to (Abdel-Ghaffar, N., ain al, 2011). However , Abdel-Ghaffar found that Arabizi would not facilitate the communication procedure among Arabs but rather this makes it vaguer, inconsistent and misunderstood oftentimes (Abdel-Ghaffar, And., et approach, 2011). It is because Arabizi users use Persia numerals combined with the best English equal to express what they wish to connect. For example , the Ø· could be represented with “6 or “t, which usually creates disparity in interaction (Attwa, 2012). Therefore , Abdel-Ghaffar suggested that using Persia letters is considered the most effective, regular and general the clearest means for communication in Arabic (Abdel-Ghaffar, D., et al, 2011).
Many Arabs consider Arabizi as a major threat or even a war against the Arabic language and they are generally concerned that it will further weaken the language or even replace it in the future. Some Middle easterns even think that if small Arab people continued to use Arabizi moving it to another generations, the Arab globe can be imagined without Arabic language in few decades. In accordance to Miral Dibawy, a university graduate and hooked user of Arabizi, Arabizi has vulnerable her Persia language and she also needs to compose firstly in Arabizi then translate it whether in Arabic or perhaps English (Ghanem, 2011). Alternatively, Dina Jamal, a student, does not use Arabizi although all close friends do mainly because she strongly considers this as a significant threat towards the Arabic language (Ghanem, 2011). Also, Taiba Al-Amoudi, a great Arabic instructor, argued that Arabizi was severely influencing her students’ linguistic abilities (Ghanem, 2011).
In order to decide the level to which Arabizi can really have an effect on our language and identification, we should absolutely consider Edward Said case which is to some extent similar to the particular Arab children experiences nowadays. Said displayed the issue of having unsettled identity since having been raised in a bicultural relatives, uncertain regarding which vocabulary or which in turn identity he should more belong to (Said, 1999). This description of Said’s conflicting childhood actually reflects today’s young Arabic people, since they are enrolled in English-based schools nevertheless they communicate in the home mostly in Arabic. Hence, they want to combine these two different languages collectively to represent themselves in a way that fulfills their needs (Kramsch, 2000).
3. Research Problem:
Based on extra data and another primary research, review, the focus on this paper is to deeply investigate the consequences of using Arabizi on the Arabic language. The primary research was conducted on the American school of Sharjah, in order to expose and determine the sizes of this matter. Thus, this research inquiries needed to be looked at:
RQ1: What are the students’ motives to work with Arabizi?
RQ2: How do college students perceive Arabizi and its results on the Arabic language? RQ3: How does students’ proficiency in Arabic connect with the use of Arabizi? RQ4: How does students’ high school system correspond with the use of Arabizi? Therefore , the independent variables are secondary school background, proficiency in Persia, age, sexuality and nationality. And the dependent variable is a use of Arabizi.
IV. Methodology:
1 . Members
This study was restricted to investigate individuals from distinct ages, genders, colleges and nationalities on the American University or college of Sharjah. The testing technique that was used to pick participants through this research project was a simple randomly sample. The quantity of participants was 150 AUS students (N= 150). The ages of participants in this study range from 18 to 26 years old as well as the average went from 20-22 years (Appendix 1). The sexuality ratio is 1: you, so 75 males and 75 females participated in this study. Individuals were picked from the subsequent available educational institutions at the American University of Sharjah: College of Artistry and Sciences (CAS), University of Architecture, Arts and Design (CAAD), College of Engineering (CEN) and SBM (School of Business and Management). The ultimate psychographic quality that was studied with this project is nationality. Nationalities were divided into the following several categories: 1) GCC Countries, 2) Approach Sham Countries, 3) North Africa and 4) Additional. The purpose of this kind of categorization is usually to achieve simpleness. Participants by Al Scam countries made up 50% of the participants (Appendix 2).
2 . Procedure:
This kind of primary research study was conducted through distributing printed surveys among AUS students during one week (from June 30th to This summer 7th 2013). Our main objective with this project was going to randomly acquire unbiased, rational and consultant data. The info was accumulated from the Biochemistry and biology Building, Snatch, Library, College student Center, Guys’ dorms and women’s dorms. It took about 10 minutes for participants to complete the survey. After the data was collected, we all used the recommended ‘IBM SSPS Statistics Software’ to analyze the gathered data. This software was very useful pertaining to the analytical and the reporting process that may be basically as a result of multiple built-in modules that people could conveniently use to receive precise and exact information. We were able to get correct representation and attain dependable outcomes for our survey findings. Additionally , due to the selection of the offered options with this software, i was able to get yourself a full representative image of the results through descriptive figures and many other record representations.
a few. Measure:
For the dimension process, all of us used the Likert level as an efficient, representative and accurate method. This level provides participants with the following five degrees of agreement: Highly Agree, Acknowledge, Neutral, Argue and Firmly Disagree. This quantifies the responses and allows for numerical analysis. As well, it enables participants to reply with a versatile degree of contract instead of forcing them to require a determined placement. The accumulated data using this scale was easily and accurately accustomed to create graphs that signify how thoughts are given away across the population. Moreover, that allows for side by side comparisons between and among the founded results. The Likert level was used together with the following inquiries: “Do you experience that Arabizi helps you express yourself more obviously? , “In my communications with other folks, I typically do you mix English and Arabic? , “Some persons think that connecting in Arabizi, makes nearly all people seem smarter? and “I believe the use of Arabizi will negatively affect my own proficiency in Arabic? .
V. Results:
Detailed Statistics
In
Bare minimum
Optimum
Indicate
Std. Deviation
HighSchool of participant
150
1 . 00
2 . 00
1 . 2267
. 42008
Arabic proficiency of participant
150
1 . 00
five. 00
2 . 5467
1 . 10876
Arabizi makes participant wiser
one hundred and fifty
1 ) 00
5. 00
several. 4133
1 . 08180
Arabizi negatively influences Arabic
150
1 . 00
five. 00
2 . 5200
1 . 12160
Age of individual
150
1 . 00
4. 00
1 ) 6800
. 66877
Paticipants University Year
150
1 . 00
some. 00
2 . 6400
1 . 07616
Participants uses Arabizi with people who may speak English language or Persia 150
1 . 00
four. 00
1 . 6733
. 58501
Collection of participator
one hundred and fifty
1 . 00
4. 00
2 . 6200
1 . 00782
Male or female of participants
150
1 . 00
2 . 00
1 ) 5000
. 50168
Participant blends English and Arabic
150
1 . 00
5. 00
2 . 5333
1 ) 04699
Use of Arabizi makes clearer
one hundred and fifty
1 . 00
5. 00
installment payments on your 4400
1 . 05855
Participants use Arabizi
a hundred and fifty
1 . 00
4. 00
installment payments on your 2933
1 . 09634
MotherTongue of individual
a hundred and fifty
1 ) 00
4. 00
1 ) 4200
. 97808
Nationality of participant
150
1 . 00
four. 00
2 . 1600
. 95594
Valid N (listwise)
a hundred and fifty
Figure 1 ) 1: Descriptive Statistics of 150 research
Figure 1 . 2: Members feel Arabizi express these people clearer
Physique 1 . three or more: Participants Mixture of English and Arabic
Determine 1 . four: Arabic skills of members
Figure 1 ) 5: Connection between High school graduation and use of Arabizi of participants
Figure 1 . 6: Arabizi negatively affects Persia
VI. Dialogue:
The outcomes of the survey of 150 members were not unforeseen as they connect with the discoveries of past researches and findings referenced in the literature review. To start with, the table above contains the descriptive stats of the 150 participants (Figure 1 . 1). For instance, the mean react regarding the query of “Does Arabizi allows you to feel better?, is 3. 4133. Since the variable a few is neutral and 5 is don’t agree, then the increased part was sort of inside that run. Precisely the same procedure is definitely valid with each question. Regarding the research problem expressed partly III, problem states; “Do you feel Arabizi helps you have a conversation more obviously? is usually replied throughout the pie format in Physique 1 . installment payments on your More than thirty-six. 7% of the members indicated that they use Arabizi in their daily communication mainly because it helps in communicating their statements. The lowest picked respond, which simply included four. 7% in the participants, was on the grounds that the they are conversing with can’t know Basic British. This percentage indicates that teenagers and youth are adapting more to the utilization of Arabizi within their daily connections more than ever just before.
The discoveries of this cake graph are parallel as to the Ghanem (2011) discovered in her interviews with college students. Indeed, Bruna Kesserwani said the same thing (Salhani, 2013). Figure 1 . 3 and number 1 . 5 illustrates the participant’s respond to mixing The english language and Persia in their daily interactions according to their education. The outcomes that are delineated in the figure mentioned that the majority of members come from English-based educational program. Then again, to evade myths, the degree of every high school foundation was realized. For the individuals who traveled to an Arabic-based high school, the proportion of participants finding Arabizi share their ideas more evidently it is below 20% which approximately (=0. 15). Intended for the individuals who went to an English-based high school the degree is above 80% which (=0. 85). The dispersion of both levels is exceptionally far from one another with nearly 0. several contrasts, which can be high.
Another question, “How do participants characterize their very own proficiency inArabic? can be diagramed in Figure 1 . 4. It indicates that the capacity for a participant in Arabic dialect is identify with the practice of using Arabizi. The people who appraised themselves as phenomenal in Arabic had the most astounding amount of individuals who similarly said that they will don’t use Arabizi; so they manage every dialect as the own particular. Moreover, participates who examined themselves with Average or above average in the language effectiveness had an really thin rate of individuals who also don’t use Arabizi; the larger component whose Arabic proficiency is definitely below average uses it. This kind of comes to recognize that your capability in Arabic will influence his or her use of Arabizi. This provides an fiel unit with data resolved in figure in 1 . your five with respect to the senior high school educational approach to participants.
One could go to a great English-based secondary school, however become extremely outstanding at Persia from his or her friends or any outside components, which makes them barely Arabizi and ponder over it as a way of life habit. Your fourth question tackled in determine 1 . six whether participants believed Arabizi will in a negative way affect all their proficiency in Arabic. That showed that 50 participants and above are neutral about it, that they don’t think that the usage of Arabizi will negatively affect their proficiency standard of the Persia language. In comparison, 35 members believe that Arabizi can form a threat for the Arabic dialect usage among youth and teenagers. Furthermore, around being unfaithful participants usually do not believe that Arabizi is leading to any menace to the vocabulary. These conclusions are regular with the Warschauer’s thoughts, as he believes this phenomenon will certainly lead to the death and loss of the Arabic terminology.
The ultimate two questions had been addressed when participants had been asked about all their opinions “If Arabizi threatens the existence of Persia language? . Therefore , a lot of the participant’s replies were balanced between helping the affirmation and rejecting the statement. For instance a woman participant makes clear her thoughts and opinions saying, “No, it doesn’t because Arabic nonetheless exists like a spoken vocabulary, it’s just the form that is changing. An additional Female contradicts with that view saying, “I strongly don’t agree, because 2 weeks . common vocabulary among all Arabs. Females’ responses differed from males’ ones, for instance; a male player who had written unordinary response ” no, it will help all of us learn fresh words via bothlanguages while other guy expressed an indicator ” simply, enrich and enlarge the areas of Persia language consumption, also motivate people to use it. The differentiations of male and feminine opinions ranged between 18 to twenty-two years displays to what extreme the language is very important to the participant and to what extent it relates to his or her identity as an Arabic.
On the contrary, the survey shows large enough ration of sudden responses that reflect the awareness of individuals to the living of Arabic language. The 2nd question was “why do you really use Arabizi? Generally, most respondents said that each uses it since it is trendy and far easier to use. A male individual said “it helps me use the two expressions from Arabic and English expressing myself even more vividly one other male explains why he uses Arabizi saying “due to the deficiency of practice of using Arabic letters. On the other hand, females acquired other reasons how come they use Arabizi “it makes texting more quickly, certain regional accents may not be typed in formal Arabic language. Our meaning of Persia language through the analysis of such two inquiries revealed the opinions of participants which include males and females and where that they see the Arabic language placement in their lives. The reactions of participants and the interpretation matches Dr . Mohammad Yaghan group study if he asked learners about their causes of applying Arabizi. One of the reasons that teens use it is that they find it a trend that they would like to fit in.
VII. Conclusion:
This research has multiple valuable and deserving implications. This added to the issues of employing Arabizi. Also, it exposed participants’ very own beliefs and thoughts regarding the consequences of using this technique of typing. Furthermore, it demonstrated the correlation between the university system and the use of Arabizi. This study was cautiously done to attain its desired goals. However , there have been some unavoidable shortcomings and limitations. One of these limitations was your time. Seeing that we had limited time through the short summer time course, all of us conducted the primary exploration throughout just two weeks. If we had more time, we could request and survey more number of participants to improve the generalizability of the results.
Secondly, the designed survey for this project was in some way long which in turn led several participants to skip or perhaps ignore open up questions. Third, that info we moved into in APPLE SPSS Statistics Software had been done manually. Thus, it really is subject to man error. One other limitationis the area. We allocated surveys to AUS pupils, so the answers cannot be general to any other places. The advised future research of this job is to deeply investigate the influence of parents or the aged generation around the use of Arabizi by the junior. Recently, this topic is one of the top debatable issues that must be seriously looked at to determine its dimensions.
VIII. References:
Abdel-Ghaffar, N., ou al. (2011), Arabizi or romanization: the dilemma of writing Persia
texts. Jil Jadid Conference. University of The state of texas, Austen.
Attwa, Meters. (2012). Arabizi: A writing variety well worth learning? A great exploratory examine of the opinions of international learners of Arabic in Arabizi. American University in Cairo. Arabic Language Commence 11. Retrived from http://dar.aucegypt.edu/handle/10526/3167 Al Tamimi, J. (2012, March 7) An Persia speaker using a deep interest for his mother tongue, Gulf of mexico News. Retrieved from http://gulfnews.com/business/features/an-arabic-speaker-with-a-deep-passion-for-his-mother-tongue-1.990966 Brette, To. (2003). Thorstein Veblen’s theory of institutional change: Further than technological
determinism. European Record History of Financial Thought, 10(3), 455-477. Carroll, J., Howard, S., Vetere, F., Peck, J., & Murphy, M. (2001). Identification, power and fragmentation online: Technology prise by young people. Interaction Design Group, Department of Information Systems, The School of Melbourne, 1-10. Dahbi, M. (2004). English and Arabic following 9/11. The ultra-modern Language Diary, 88(4), 628-
631.
El Darawy, N. (2005, July 16) Death of your language, Gulf News. Recovered from http://gulfnews.com/about-gulf-news/al-nisr-portfolio/notes/articles/death-of-a-language-1.294152
Findlow, T. (2006). Degree and linguistic dualism in the Arab Gulf of mexico. British Record
of Sociology of Education 27(1), 19-36.
Ghanem, R. (2011), Arabizi is wrecking the Arabic language, Arab News. Retreievd from
http://www.arabnews.com/node/374897
Kramsch, C. (2000). Language and tradition (2nd education. ). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. (pp. 8-14). Loch, E, Straub, D. & Kamel, S. (2003). Diffusing the Internet in the Arab world: The role of
sociable norms and technological culturaltion. IEEE Transactions on Engineering
5(1), 45-63.
Markham, A. N. (2008). The methods, governmental policies, and values of rendering in online
ethnography. In D. K. Denzin & Con. S. Lincoln subsequently (Eds. ), Collecting and interpreting
qualitative materials (3rd male impotence., pp. 247-283).
Said, E. (1999). Out of place: A memoir. Nyc, NY: Knopf. (Ch. 1) Warschauer, Meters. (2002). ‘languages’. com: The web and linguistic pluralism. In I. Snyder (Ed. ), Silicon literacies: Communication, development and education in the electronic digital age London, uk: Routledge. (pp. 62-74). Yaghan, A. Meters. (2008). “Arabizi: A contemporary type of Arabic slang. Design
Problems 24(2), 39-52. Retrieved via http://www.mitpressjournals.org/loi/desi.
IX. Appendix:
THE ID_______________ Your Name ( optional) ________________
“Arabizi is actually a slang term (slang: vernacular, popular simple speech) explaining a system of writing Arabic using British characters. (Example: ya3ni)
1 . What kind of high school did you go to?
Private University
General public School
2 . What is the mother tongue?
Arabic
English
French
Additional
a few. Do you work with Arabizi dialy?
Always
Most of the instances
At times
Rarely
4. Do you feel that Arabizi makes it possible to express yourself more clearly?
Firmly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Differ
five. How do you characterize your proficiency in Persia?:
Excellent
Above Average
Average
Below Average
Poor
6. In my interactions with others, I often do you really mix The english language and Persia?
Strongly agree
Agree
Fairly neutral
Argue
Firmly disagree
7. Will you be used to Arabizi to an degree that you use it even with individuals that do not automatically speak Arabic or English?
O Yes
To No
almost eight. Some people feel that communicating in Arabizi, makes its users seem smarter?
Strongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly don’t agree
being unfaithful. I believe the usage of Arabizi will certainly negatively influence my skills in Arabic?
Strongly Acknowledge
Consent
Fairly neutral
Don’t agree
Highly Disagree
10. Some individuals think that Arabizi threatens the presence of the Persia language, precisely your thoughts and opinions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
eleven. Can you inform why do you really use Arabizi?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Gender:
Man
Female
13. Age:
17-19
20-22
23-25
26+
14. School:
IMPRÉVU
CAAD
1
