Social Work Department Faculty of Humanities University of Johannesburg College student Surname| Votre Roux| Pupil Initials| C| Student Initially Name| Charlene| Student Number| 201170104| Task Title| Practice Model| Time of Submission| 15 Drive 2013| Program Title| W Social work| Lecturers Name| Prof. Adrian Van Breda| Course Code| SW2A11| Plagiarism Declaration| I, Charlene Votre Roux 201170104, declare that this assignment is usually my own original work. Where secondary material has been utilized (either coming from a branded source or perhaps from the internet), this has been properly acknowledged and referenced in accordance with departmental requirements.
I realize what stealing articles is and aware of the department’s plan in this regard. | Name| Charlene Le Roux| Signature| | Index Web page 1 . 2 . 3. four. 5. 5. 15. 25. 35. forty five. 55. 65. 767. 8. | Intro History of Answer Focused TherapyUnderlying theoryKey principlesApplication to the PCPEngagementAssessmentPlanningImplementingEvaluationTerminationFollow-upCritical reflectionConclusionReference list| Page 334-55-66-116-77-88991010-11111213| 1 . Introduction I have decided to do the Remedy focused remedy practice model (Hereafter called SFT).
I chose this model since I was enthusiastic about finding out even more about how to use one’s personal resources and strengths to empower yourself. My most challenging issue with guidance is learning how to teach clientele how to use their particular resources rather than supplying it myself and in addition encouraging clients to come up with their own solutions and just giving them tips and my estimation. SFT talks about the different techniques one can use for ensure they are really empowering all their clients but not doing every thing for them. 2 . History Both the founding advocates for SFT are Insoo Kim Höhe and Charlie De Shazer.
Together they adapted existing theories to mold into a theory of their own. They highly believed that true positive change is situated within the client themselves rather than in the romantic relationship between the customer and employee. Berg was the cofounder of a center in Milwaukee in the late 70s whose goal was to release the mental research company and this used Quick Family therapy. This was a business that produced no profit and utilized to provide the needs of people in surrounding areas and people and families which were poor or perhaps living in poverty (O’Connell, 2005).
Four years later this kind of became the property of SFT (Lee, 2011). De Shazer later worked in the middle and was thoroughly trained in brief friends and family therapy. In respect to Milton Erikson, quick therapy models were massively influenced by the strengths perspective and social constructivism. The strengths perspective is about applying one’s own strengths, possessions and methods to come up intended for solutions which can be best suited to them and their problem rather than just providing anything for one’s client.
It complements the famous declaring “Give a man a seafood and he can eat for a day, although teach him how to fish and he will eat for any lifetime. Berg and Para Shazer created this model simply by listening to and using the opinions of their consumers. They developed this model by observing remedy sessions to see the techniques and skills the therapist utilized, by listening to the responses of their clientele about what was or was not working for these people and by noticing the progress of their own clientele (Lee, 2011). 3. Root theory of practice model Social constructivism strongly impact on SFT (O ‘Connell, 2005).
This point of view states that human beings create their own reality through different linguistic means. In other words, we all create our realities through conversations and by our own perspective of the fact so therefore every person has a different meaning that has been created which often means that there is absolutely no ‘objective truth’ that is accurate in any condition. This all implies that each person’s problems are constructed incidentally in which they will talk. Because of each person having their own linguistic style, there is not any fixed which means attached to a problem or a solution.
In order for a person to find out their developed reality from another point of view, the specialist or experts main goal should be to change the terminology the client uses. Practitioners motivate clients to use solution talk as opposed to difficulty talk. Something that outshines the interpersonal constructivist point of view is that the clients perception and experiences have main goal. This theory also takes into account the framework in which the consumer lives and emphasizes that individuals do not are present in interpersonal isolation but instead are goods of the interactions that surround them.
The relationship between the practitioner and the customer is of greatest importance in this perspective because it is within this romance that a new style of dialect can be designed for the client to build new realities. The systems theory is yet another perspective that influences solution focused remedy. The devices theory wants a practitioner to look at all the systems surrounding an individual in order that the best interventions can be used. To understand the systems theory totally there are some conditions that are the most important (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2006).
Every individual can be considered the product of interactions among different mini systems because individuals existence and practitioners look at their clients being a person-in-environment wherever they are continuously interacting with the many systems around them. These systems function reciprocally and change in one system means there will be enhancements made on another. The systems strategy is also energetic. It is changing and evolving from one particular view to a different yet keeps a relatively secure homeostasis. Almost all systems happen to be interrelated.
The systems theory basically states that because no two client devices are equally, no two solutions will be alike either and therefore every problem requires a unique and suitable input (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2006). Lastly, the strengths perspective has had a great influence on SFT. The primary view with the strengths point of view is that every individual, family or perhaps community has got talents, resources and assets that should be used in intervention strategies and it is the responsibility with the practitioner to uncover these distinct strengths.
The strength perspective will not see crisis such as traumatic experiences, struggles and sicknesses as demotivating experiences but instead as opportunities and problems that can be conquer and in the conclusion be used for the benefit of the consumer even if it is just a lesson that was learned. A member of staff should never limit their clients capacities and capabilities but instead believe in their very own goals and dreams and help them attain it in any respect that they can and another important element to remember is that their very own goals and dreams can only be achieved if the client and worker work together to achieve these types of.
One final thing that is important for people to learn about the strong points perspective is the fact it is convinced that every environment also has strengths and that the customer should always try to find help in their own environments instead of other environments. 4. Essential principles Because seen above as previously mentioned, SFT was founded by simply bringing numerous theories jointly. In this section the main rules of SFT will be talked about. First and foremost, it truly is set on the notion that if perhaps something is certainly not broken you don’t need to to fix that (O ‘Connell, 2005).
Quite simply, workers probably should not look for challenges where there are non-e. If the situation is definitely working for a client the worker shouldn’t make an effort fix it even if it is different to the way the worker thinks it should be working. This is a theory that believes in the strengths of consumers and the fact that people are long lasting and can recover from traumatic experiences with the obligation support and resources. It draws on the importance of people to emerge as stronger people after the traumas by counting on their own resources and dealing methods that they themselves have discovered (Van Breda, 2011).
In the event the client’s way of solving a problem is doing work then the member of staff should encourage the client to obtain more often and if a resolution is usually not working then there is no reason for continuing to try it therefore the worker should certainly encourage the consumer to stop doing this and try to get another way of dealing with the situation. It should be held as simple as possible so as never to confuse the customer but rather to encourage them to find new and improved solutions to dealing with individual problems. This process of remedy should not be slow longer than necessary and should be to the point with as little intervention from the therapist as possible.
This kind of theory believes that one transform ultimately brings about another transform until all the required change has been achieved. Therefore , this theory does not strive to make big changes but rather a chain of smaller alterations. Another reason why smaller changes are encourages is because it can help the client feel less anxious as they might feel by simply implementing 1 big transform at one time. Some with positive change, a worker must recognize that and compliment the client pertaining to the change they themselves have implemented.
Since terminology is such a significant aspect in this theory, the worker should never assume that there may be only one possible solution to problems but the worker should be open minded and should use many different routes to try and look for a suitable option. Since this theory focuses on solutions rather than concerns, the employee should not spend time analyzing the difficulties but ought to jump in finding alternatives that will work for this specific client and their circumstances (Malherbe & Greef, 2005).. Application for the PCP The planned change process is known as a set of phases that a sociable worker can easily follow as well as the stages overlap and moves into one another (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2006). 5. 1Engagement “Engagement is when a sociable worker begins to establish connection and a relationship to but also addressing the problem (Kirst-Ashman & Outer skin, 2009, p. 34). Involvement starts from your very first interaction a staff member has with a client.
The key goal of engagement is usually to build connection by using distinct skills such as acceptance and warmth. It is significant that the worker does not assess their consumer at any stage and shows acceptance because acceptance is a necessary tool for alter. Part of proposal in SFT is for the worker to aid the transform process along from the very beginning. Change has to be spoken about and visualized. Inside the engagement level it is important to get rules and expectations being set and this can be done by a way of contracting.
Contracting can be when the consumer and the staff member discuss the roles, norms and anticipations for sessions and this is definitely where the restrictions are arranged for the client-worker romance (Kirst-Ashman & hull, 2006) Contracting can help establish jobs between the consumer and the staff member which is crucial in the formal relationship so that boundaries could be set in place. Firstly, the staff member needs to enquire about the “pre-session change. Pre-session change is that happened in the clients existence that pressed them to make the appointment to begin with.
The staff member can do this by simply asking inquiries like “Tell me even more about why you are here today or “What made you seek help? . Giving compliments to the client helps reduce their stress and states the belief that positive regard enhances the chance of change for people (Rasheed, Rasheed & Marley, 2011). 5. 2 Assessment “Assessment is differential box, individualized and accurate identification and evaluation of concerns, people and situations and of their interrelations to act as a sound basis to get differential aiding interventions (Siporin as reported in Kirst-Ashman & Outer skin, 2009, s. 34).
Evaluation is usually if the worker analyzes what the problems are that the client is facing but mainly because SFT targets solutions the worker must change difficulty talk in to solution talk and previously start contemplating possible approaches to the problem. A worker applying SFT has to pay attention to depth and pay attention to the customers carefully throughout the assessment level. Once the member of staff has noticed the clients issues they must respond empathically as it will help create personal strength for the customer as well as let us the client be aware that the employee is focusing and understanding the clients’ perspective.
There are many different types of inquiries that should be used in the evaluation stage of SFT. The miracle query is the initially. The answer to this type of question is usually around the path of the fitted remedy. This type of issue helps the consumer vision their very own preferred foreseeable future. These questions are asked to find out about the clients account, strengths and resources and their own targets for the answer. This type of question would be something such as “Imagine you were sleeping tonight and a magic happens that solves the condition you came approach me about.
When you awaken in the morning, what would be the alter that would allow you to realize some thing must have took place to solve your problem? a client could possibly respond with answers similar to this, “my children were not moody and crying, my spouse and i were cheerful and organized. We left promptly for function and when we came residence we had meals on each of our plates plus the children were playing. Another type of query is very question. This kind of question will help the staff member to receive an idea with the good times within a client’s your life. It helps the consumer remember that there was times when they will knew what direction to go nd how to do it in order for them to function normally. Helping a customer remember occasions when they were handling better gives them wish that they can do it again. A employee would find out question “can you think of a time in earlier times month, 12 months or ever before that you did not have this difficulty? What had been you performing differently during those moments that helped prevent the trouble then? (De Shazer as offered in Shelter, 2011). Coping questions are also important inquiries when assessing and planning for implementation. This kind of question is advantageous for consumers who think completely weak because it can give ideas to alternatives that could help serve their very own problems.
This type of question assists the employee get to know more about the clients dealing strategies. A coping issue would be a thing along the lines of “wow, how perhaps you have managed to go on during most of these hard times? Lastly, your own questions can be utilized. These inquiries can be used during the evaluation level as well. This question helps the client track their own improvement which helps them recognize where they may be at (Lee, 2011). This really is a question that asks the clients to choose a number among 1 and 10 to ascertain their improvement.
A member of staff would ask a question just like “from a scale of just one to 10, 10 staying the best, how is your day feeling at this point compared to once we started? (Nichols & Schwartz, 2008). 5. several Planning “Planning specifies what should be done (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2009, p. 370. Planning with this theory moves hand in hand with assessment since in assessment the employee will not shell out as well considerably time centered on the problem but rather on currently finding possible solutions. It is additionally important to understand that changes needs to be planned little rather than one big change. 5. 5 Implementation Implementation is the genuine doing of the plan. Your customer and employee follow all their plan to obtain their goals. Progress during implementation should be constantly monitored and evaluated. Sometimes, new issues, conditions and circumstances require the program to be changed (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2009, p. 40). The most important element to the setup is the alterations need to small so as to not overwhelm the consumer with key changes. Every time a small alter is obtained, it leaves the client sense empowered and motivated to start out change in one other dimension of their lives.
It gives the client courage to try for new and bigger alterations (Lee, 2011). The above mentioned queries can also be asked to stimulate change (Macdonald, 2011), as a result intervention begins during the analysis stage. Involvement by the staff member should be limited ensuring that the changes will be because of the customers new ways of accomplishing things while at the same time making sure your customer gets a feeling of independence rather than relying on the worker to perform all the work. a few. 5 Evaluation “Each goal is examined in terms of the extent that it has been attained.
The decision must be made regarding whether the case must be ended or reassessed to establish fresh goals (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2009, s. 41). Analysis in SFT basically combines all the above mentioned techniques. The worker uses the questions to find out how much change and progress continues to be made. When the worker realizes what all those changes happen to be he or she points these out and celebrates together with the client for making these changes (Macdonald, 2011). The miracle question is used to monitor the progress and keep the consumer in a great frame of mind to make certain that they continue moving on to their total potential.
It is vital for the worker and client to reflect to gauge what has become improved and exactly how. Evaluation in SFT would not necessarily simply occur after implementation. The worker as well evaluates the customer at the beginning of every session to find out what changes have been built and how the consumer is moving on. 5. six Termination “The worker/client marriage must sooner or later come to the end. Termination in Generalist Practice consists of specific skills and techniques (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2009, p. 41). Termination starts from the beginning in order to make clients for the ending of classes.
SFT is meant to be quick and not keep on for a long time. The employee needs to retain reminding the client that the remedy will not be lengthy and the consumer should have the goals of finding new alternatives quicker as compared to other types of therapy. In the last program, the client comes up to describe in more detail what alterations they experienced so the modify can be taken care of and the employee should mention what performed and what did not operate the clients’ progress. One way of knowing if a client is definitely ready for end of contract is by requesting them a scaling query (Macdonald, 2011).
This is when a client answer coming from a level of 1 to 10, twelve being the very best level of working. If a client’s answer is usually 7 or more then the client is ready to end. These types of concerns can be “What would you charge your level of functioning because on a size from one particular to 15, 10 getting the best? or “Consider that when we started you were on a level 3 scale of functioning, what would you level your level as today between 1 and 12? . It is vital to remember that terminating with an open door policy is of benefit to the client.
Therefore even though the classes are above, you let your customer know they are really always meet back if he or she encounter any other problems however the worker may also encourage the client to arrive visit in some months to leave the staff member know how anything is going. this will make the client truly feel important and valuable and is also a positive method to eliminate. 5. several Follow-up Although not a stage of the planned change procedure I do think it is important for a cultural worker to follow up with their clients to ensure everything remains going okay.
Following-up with a client also empowers these questions way as it makes them seem like they are continue to cared for and worried about but not like they were just forgotten by the social worker. Following up can be done in numerous different ways. A worker may request the client returns for one previous session only to follow-up and be sure that everything is ok. It can also be done telephonically or perhaps via e-mail. If a customer does not reply to the email or perhaps does not can be found in for the session it is the responsibility with the worker to learn what the explanation is just to make sure the client is still on track.. Crucial reflection There are some concerns adjacent SFT. One of the concerns is the fact it is so dedicated to solutions it does not concentrate on curing the root cause of the down sides. A therapist using this version could declare the deep rooted cause was in reality also only a form of the clients’ contortion of truth. This remedy also relies too much for the client. In some cases people might not exactly understand that what they wish is certainly not what they will need and clientele sometimes desire a counselor to provide them a brand new view indicate look at all their situation by.
For example a married couple may well sometimes certainly not know what it really is they need and a member of staff can step up to give ideas for alternatives they can make an effort instead of counting on the client to recognize what it is that they really need. We would use this practice model merely could change a few things. I would target more on the way a client is feeling about their particular problems mainly because sometimes almost all somebody requirements is anyone to listen to all their problems and not think of solutions. Sometimes it is essential to try and figure out a client in a little bit more of an informal way rather than strictly specialist.
It is important although to remember restrictions and that a client may under no circumstances be friend with a worker as there may then become conflict of interest. However are gaps in this model, there are also things I really like regarding SFT. It is good to focus on the positive items rather than continually analyzing the negative to reach a solution. Concentrating on a solution puts the client later on and motivates them to reach that level of functioning. It is just a model that will help clients do well a lot quicker than any other models.
I actually also like the very fact that SFT has particular types of questions which can be direct since other versions can sometimes have a long time in order to assess the trouble leaving the client feeling just like there has been not any progress during time since the worker has just been assessing. With SFT the client will start to see changes quite shortly and will think empowered by simply the questions that they will always be asked. 7. Conclusion I really like the idea of SFT because it focuses on strengths and it has often fascinated me to know what sort of client can use their own talents.
After exploring this practice model I am aware a lot more about how precisely I can acknowledge what a customer’s strengths happen to be and how they might be used for solutions. It is a remedy that is immediate and effects can be seen right after the initial session. This therapy helps bring about the personal strength of people and it is easy to follow to be able to empower a person’s own consumers. It is a traditionally used therapy and has a large success rate. My spouse and i am happy I have learned about this model mainly because I can at this point apply it to my practice this year.
Instead of focusing on my own clients weak points (low self-esteem) we can concentrate on building self confidence and not upon what has caused the low self-esteem. This really is great since often speaking about the causes can be re-traumatizing towards the client when all they want to do much more forward instead of focus on days gone by. 8. Citation Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hull, G. H. (2009). Understanding Generalist Practice (5thed. ). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning. Lee, Meters. Y. (2011). Solution-focused theory. In N. J. turner (Ed. ), Social work treatment: Interlocking theoretical strategies (5th education. pp. 460-476). New York: Oxford University Press. Macdonald, A. (2011). Remedy focused remedy. In 3rd there’s r. Nelson-Jones (Ed. ), Theory and practice of counselling and remedy (5th male impotence., pp. 371-391). Los Angeles, LOS ANGELES: Sage. Nichols, M. L., & Schwartz, R. C. (2008). Family members therapy: concepts and strategies (8th education. ). Boston, MA: Pearson. O’Connell. N. (2005). Option focused remedy (2nd education. ). London, uk: Sage Guides ltd. Rasheed, J. Meters., Rasheed, Meters. N., & Marley, J. A. (2011). Family remedy: models and techniques. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
